Purpose: To determine the effect of cyclopentolate, tropicamide, and artificial tear drops on higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in normal eyes with OPD-Scan III (Nidek Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Methods: In this study, 189 eyes of individuals aged 20 to 35 years were selected as...
Objectives: To describe and compare corneal peripheral angles in normal and keratoconic eyes, to gain a better understanding of the topography of the periphery of the cornea in keratoconus and assist practitioners in the selection and fitting of large diameter contact...
Objectives: To quantify tear elimination rate (ER) underneath silicone hydrogel (Si-Hy) and scleral gas permeable (GP) contact lenses (CLs). Methods: Subjects successfully using either well-fitting soft Si-Hy CLs or scleral GP CLs were recruited. Most scleral GP CL wearers had irregular corneas...
Purpose: To examine the effects of one year of overnight orthokeratology (OK) treatment on the sub-basal nerve plexus (SBNP) and corneal sensitivity and to assess the reversibility of these effects one month after treatment interruption. Methods: Thirty-two subjects with low-moderate myopia underwent...
Purpose: To compare tear film osmolarity (TFO) measurements in non–contact lens (CL) wearers and wearers of hydrogel or overnight orthokeratology (OK) CLs, and to assess possible effects of long-term OK on TFO. Methods: Overall, 108 subjects with moderate myopia participated in 2...
Objective: To assess the effects of a short period of orthokeratology (OK) on corneal sub-basal nerve plexus (SBNP) morphology and corneal sensitivity. Methods: Measurements were made in 56 right eyes of 56 subjects with low-to-moderate myopia who wore 2 OK lens designs...
Abstract Purpose To summarize the research findings on the ocular surface profile, to provide a definition and a classification of the corneoscleral shape, and to offer guidelines in selecting scleral lens design. Methods The definition of rotational symmetry and rotational...
Amblyopia is a common cause of reduced vision in children. The clinical diagnosis is complicated and requires consideration of the severity of vision loss relative to the characteristics of the disrupting amblyogenic factor. Added to the challenge of a thorough...
Purpose: To investigate the corneal densitometry in subclinical keratoconus with normal elevation and pachymetric parameters. Methods: Patients with clinical keratoconus in one eye and subclinical keratoconus in the fellow eye were identified. The study group was selected from patients with subclinical keratoconus...
Abstract Background Despite evidence that amblyopia can often be treated by optical treatment alone, many practitioners still do not use an optical-correction-only phase in amblyopia treatment and some investigators omit this important step in their research. This paper aims to...
Highlights •Visual quality was assessed in 27 eyes fitted with a corneo-scleral contact lens for the management of keratoconus. •The total high order aberrations decreased by approximately 55% and contrast sensitivity improved to normal range values of the population. •In...
ABSTRACT Purpose: To study the accommodative dynamics for predictable and unpredictable stimuli using manual and automated accommodative facility tests Materials and Methods: Seventeen young healthy subjects were tested monocularly in two consecutive sessions, using five different conditions. Two conditions replicated...
Objectives: To investigate the topographic factors related to axial length (AL) growth rate in orthokeratology. Methods: Clinical data of myopic children with orthokeratology lenses from 2010 to 2016 were investigated. Corneal topography (Orbscan II) and IOLMaster-measured AL at baseline and...
Purpose: This study aims to analyze two commercial orthokeratology lens designs and compare their optical effects at the corneal level. Methods: This is a retrospective study on subjects seeking an orthokeratology fitting for myopia management at the Université de Montréal clinic between...
Recent increases in global myopia prevalence rates have raised significant concerns as myopia increases the lifelong risk of various sight-threatening ocular conditions. This growing public health burden has generated significant research interests into understanding both its aetiology and developing effective...
Purpose: To assess the correlation between the scleral shape and corneal astigmatism. Methods: Twenty-two participants (11 nonastigmatic and 11 astigmatic) aged from 19 to 36 years and with no previous ocular surgeries were included in this study. Three-dimensional (3D) corneoscleral maps from...
Key Points Question How do tear film stability measurements obtained with an automated noninvasive keratograph corneal topographer compare with the conventional fluorescein method? Findings In an investigator-masked randomized crossover trial of 74 participants, fluorescein breakup time measurements were shorter and more narrowly...
Punti Chiave : Si è osservata la variazione di densità della cornea attraverso la Scheimpflug Camera in soggetti con cheratocono subclinico (senza variazione di forma anteriore e di spessore della cornea) E' stata misurata una differenza di densità della cornea...
Punti Chiave : Sono state osservate e misurate le differenze di qualità ottica e di aberrazioni oculari di alto ordine in soggetti con disfunzioni delle ghiandole di Meibomio, nello stesso campione di soggetti a cui sono state somministrate lacrime artificiali...
Punti Chiave : Sono stati testate lenti per occhiali disegnate per modificare la visione periferica, riducendone il defocus ipermetropico Si sono osservati errori di potere centrale Abstract Purpose Radial Refractive Gradient (RRG) spectacles are lenses specifically...
Punti Chiave : è stata osservata la carica batterica presente sulle lampada a fessura e sui bordi delle lenti di prova è necessaria igienizzazione degli strumenti e delle lenti di prova Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate...
Abstract Purpose: To quantify ocular sensory dominance and investigate its relationship to stereopsis. Method: A total of 69 subjects participated in the study. Ocular dominance was measured by a continuous flashing technique, with the tested eye viewing a Gabor patch increasing in …
Abstract Purpose: To explore differences in driving performance of older adults with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and age-matched controls, and to identify the visual determinants of driving performance in this population. Methods: Participants included 33 older drivers with AMD (mean age [M]...
Abstract Purpose: To test the hypothesis that genes known to cause clinical syndromes featuring myopia also harbor polymorphisms contributing to nonsyndromic refractive errors. Methods: Clinical phenotypes and syndromes that have refractive errors as a recognized feature were identified using the Online Mendelian...
Abstract Background To assess the precision and agreement of measurements of higher order aberrations (HOAs) obtained with a ray tracing aberrometer (iTrace) and a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer (Topcon KR-1 W). Methods Prospective evaluation of the diagnostic test. Data from the right eyes...
Tradotto e adattato da Review of Contact Lens–Related Complications Punti chiave La finalità di questo articolo di revisione è riassumere le complicanze associate all’utilizzo di lenti a contatto più frequentemente incontrate nella pratica clinica. Gli autori riportano inoltre alcuni principi di …
Objectives: To compare the changes in the corneal endothelial cells of both the patients with keratoconus who use rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lens and who do not use any contact lens with healthy population. Methods: Thirty-three patients with keratoconus who use RGP...
Purpose: To analyze the state of scientific publications in the field of scleral lenses applying a bibliometric study. Methods: The database used in this bibliometric study was SCOPUS, the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature: scientific journals, books, and conference …
Abstract Background This explorative study investigated procedures for the self-assessment of spherocylindrical refractive errors. Methods Eighteen participants with a mean age of 34.0 ± 8.8 years were enrolled. Adjustable Alvarez lenses were mounted in a rotatable ring holder and two procedures were tested...
Abstract Background This study sought to determine normative static and dynamic pupillometry data in different age groups in a healthy population, and to investigate the effects of age on pupillometric characteristics. Methods Pupillometry measurements were undertaken on 155 healthy participants...
To evaluate the contribution of fixational eye movements to dynamic aberration, 50 healthy eyes were examined with an original custom-built Shack-Hartmann aberrometer, running at a temporal frequency of 236Hz, with 22 lenslets across a 5mm pupil, synchronized with a 236Hz...
Objective: Long-term follow-up of contact lens (CL) wearers leads to better understanding of the factors leading to changes in CL trends. This study is an attempt to ascertain these factors in an emerging market like India. Factors like occupation were analyzed...
Objectives: To assess contact lens preservative uptake and release from multipurpose solutions (MPS) and subsequent acquisition of lens antibacterial activity. Methods: Kinetics of uptake and release of poly (hexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride) (PHMB) or polyquaternium-1 (PQ-1) from various contact lenses were studied initially...
Objectives: To quantify tear elimination rate (ER) underneath silicone hydrogel (Si-Hy) and scleral gas permeable (GP) contact lenses (CLs). Methods: Subjects successfully using either well-fitting soft Si-Hy CLs or scleral GP CLs were recruited. Most scleral GP CL wearers had irregular corneas...
Abstract Purpose To evaluate factors associated with attendance to follow-up ophthalmic care, and to assess the impact of strategies to improve follow-up. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods This is an ongoing study to develop an eye screening paradigm, focusing on African...
Objectives: The outermost surface composition of 11 silicone hydrogel (SiHy) lenses was measured using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to understand differences in wettability and potential interactions within an ocular environment. The SiHy lenses tested included balafilcon A, lotrafilcon A, lotrafilcon...
Abstract Purpose To summarize the role of anterior segment imaging (AS-imaging) in angle closure diagnosis and management, and the possible advantages over the current standard of gonioscopy. Design Literature review and perspective. Methods Review of the pertinent publications with interpretation...
Objective: The study aimed to compare the visual performance of contact lenses with and without negative spherical aberration (SA) over 5 days of wear. Methods: At baseline, 32 myopic participants (aged 18–33 years) were fitted in a randomized order with two lenses...
Purpose To assess the quality of life in French keratoconus patients. Setting Fifty-seven Keratoconus National Reference Centers across France. Design Prospective case series. Methods Patients completed the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) and a French validated questionnaire...
Punti chiave: Il difetto miopico è associato ad un allungamento dell'asse antero-posteriore oculare. L'ortocheratologia è un trattamento mediante lenti a contatto in grado di rallentare l'allungamento della lunghezza assiale. Abstract Scopo Si indaga sull'effetto dell'ortocheratologia (ortho-k) sulla crescita della lunghezza...
Abstract PURPOSE:To describe a method by which mapped corneal elevation data can be used for ray-tracing analysis of the effective corneal power. METHODS:Mapped elevation data of the front and back surface of the cornea exported by a clinical Scheimpflug camera...
Purpose: Corneal tomography is used to assess progression of keratoconus and to direct clinical decisions regarding corneal cross-linking. The purpose of this study was to analyze the variability of repeated Scheimpflug-tomography (Pentacam Classic; Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) measurements of keratoconic eyes...
Abstract One of the factors proposed to regulate the eye growth is the error signal derived from the defocus in the retina and actually, this might arise from defocus not only in the fovea but the whole visual field. Therefore, …
Highlights •An inaccurate summary of evaporation rates was previously reported. •Updated tables of evaporation rates for studies between 1941 and 2016 were created. •The tables contain evaporation rates for normal and dry eyes. •Most values were converted to one unit...
tradotto e adattatto da Evolution of optic nerve photography for glaucoma screening: a review Punti Chiave:– L’osservazione del nervo ottico è una delle tecniche più diffuse nella valutazione del glaucoma.– Le nuove tecnologie hanno reso l’acquisizione delle immagini del nervo ottico più semplice, …
Abstract Traditional perceptual learning protocols rely almost exclusively on long periods of uninterrupted fixation. Taking a first step towards understanding perceptual learning in natural vision, we had observers report the orientation of a briefly flashed stimulus (clockwise or counterclockwise from...
Abstract Purpose To investigate non-cycloplegic changes in refractive error prior to the onset of presbyopia. Methods The Aston Longitudinal Assessment of Presbyopia (ALAP) study is a prospective 2.5 year longitudinal study, measuring objective refractive error using a binocular open-field WAM-5500...
Abstract Purpose To report the frequency of binocular vision (BV) anomalies in children with specific learning disorders (SLD) and to assess the efficacy of vision therapy (VT) in children with a non-strabismic binocular vision anomaly (NSBVA). Methods The study was...
Purpose: To evaluate the measurement of anisocoria in a group of ocular healthy subjects using a standardized protocol in scotopic, mesopic, and photopic lighting conditions, and determine the optimal threshold of difference in pupil diameter in determining physiologic anisocoria. Methods: Right and...
Sorgente: Test-retest variability of cyclodeviations measured using the double Maddox rod test...
Highlights • Reduction of visual acuity is symmetric for positive and negative defocus. • Optical vergence does not affect defocused visual acuity significantly. • Visual system is capable of integrating chromatic aberration to detect the sign of defocus. Abstract The...
Abstract Purpose To compare the visual performance of prototype contact lenses designed via deliberate manipulation of higher-order spherical aberrations to extend-depth-of-focus with two commercial multifocals, after 1 week of lens wear. Methods In a prospective, participant-masked, cross-over, randomized, 1-week dispensing …
Abstract Purpose To compare the computed optical performance of prototype lenses designed using deliberate manipulation of higher-order spherical aberrations to extend depth-of-focus (EDOF) with two commercial multifocals. Methods Emmetropic, presbyopic, schematic eyes were coupled with prototype EDOF and commercial multifocal...
Abstract Purpose Multifocal or multi-zone contact lenses are increasingly being fit to young eyes in an attempt to control myopia progression. However, success in achieving this aim may depend on how much the eye accommodates. The purpose of the current...
Abstract Coherence scanning interferometry (CSI) offers three-dimensional (3D) measurement of surface topography with high precision and accuracy. Defocus within the interferometric objective lens, however, is commonly present in CSI measurements and reduces both the resolving power of the imaging system...
Objectives: To evaluate the success rate, efficacy, and safety of the ICD 16.5 mini-scleral gas permeable (GP) contact lens. Methods: This prospective study included referred consecutive patients with irregular corneas and severe ocular surface disease (OSD) in treatment failure. All patients were...
Purpose: To test the ability of responses to the Contact Lens Assessment in Youth (CLAY) Contact Lens Risk Survey (CLRS) to differentiate behaviors among participants with serious and significant (S&S) contact lens–related corneal inflammatory events, those with other events (non-S&S), and...
ABSTRACT Corneal imaging is essential for diagnosing and management of a wide variety of ocular diseases. Corneal topography is used to characterize the shape of the cornea, specifically, the anterior surface of the cornea. Most corneal topographical systems are based...
Abstract PURPOSE:To determine the accuracy of the PlusoptiX A12 photoscreener (PlusoptiX, Inc., Atlanta, GA) in detecting amblyopia or ambylogenic risk factors in pediatric patients in Nebraska. METHODS:Using the PlusoptiX A12 photoscreener, data were collected from pediatric patients seen at a...
Abstract Achromatopsia is a complex inherited retinal disease that affects the cone cell function. It is usually an autosomal-recessive disease and is characterized by pendular nystagmus, poor visual acuity, lack of color vision, and marked photophobia. CNGA3, CNGB3, GNAT2, PDE6C,...
Abstract PURPOSE:To evaluate the clinical value of rigid gas permeable contact lenses in children after traumatic corneal scarring. METHODS:This comparative study included 15 children (age range: 5.7 to 14 years; mean ± standard deviation = 9.4 ± 2.9 years) with...
Abstract Purpose Much knowledge has been collected over the past 20 years about light scattering in the eye- in particular in the eye lens- and its visual effect, called straylight. It is the purpose of this review to discuss how these...
SIGNIFICANCE A corneal heat-transfer model is presented to quantify simultaneous measurements of fluorescein tear-breakup area (TBA) and ocular-surface temperature (OST). By accounting for disruption of the tear-film lipid layer (TFLL), we report evaporation rates through lipid-covered tear. The modified heat-transfer...
SIGNIFICANCE The proposed automated approach for estimating the quality of the tear film closes the gap between the manual and automated assessment, translating the high-speed videokeratoscopy technology from scientific laboratories to a clinical practice. PURPOSE To develop and test a...
ABSTRACTSIGNIFICANCEIn eyes with mild Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy without significant corneal edema, objective scattering index has the strongest influence on distance visual acuity, followed by the anterior corneal densitometry. Our findings suggest that distance visual acuity deteriorates in eyes with...
SIGNIFICANCE When fit with monovision, most early presbyopes (aged 40 to 50 years) accommodated to near objects by focusing the distance corrected eye, leaving the near corrected eye myopically defocused with reduced image quality. A few were able to switch...
Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of induced vertical disparity on horizontal fusional reserves at near. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 170 healthy subjects wearing best corrective refraction, the negative and positive horizontal fusional reserves...
Abstract Purpose To evaluate impact of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on short out-loud and sustained-silent reading speeds, and reading comprehension. Design Prospective, cross-sectional Methods: Setting Wilmer Eye Institute Population Literate, native-English speakers with and without AMD. AMD participants had better-eye...
Highlights The study aimed to determine the impact of the multifocal design on discontinuation rates. Reasons for discontinuation and psychosocial factors were studied. Centre near spherical multifocal design had a higher discontinuation rate. Most common cause for discontinuation was poor...
Abstract Purpose To report the on-eye breakage of a mini-scleral contact lens in a healthy cornea after being hit by a speeding object, without causing any severe corneal damage. Case report A 24-year-old Caucasian male involved in a clinical study...
Punti Chiave : i controlli di follow up sono un elemento fondamentale nel garantire l’efficacia e la sicurezza d’uso di tutte le lenti a contatto la frequenza di questi controlli deve essere calibrata in base alle caratteristiche delle lenti e...
Highlights •LipidTOX (a novel lipophilic dye) can stain lipid deposits on contact lens surfaces. •Surface area of the deposits can be analyzed using the described procedure. •Lipid deposition on various commercial contact lens materials is not significantly different at the...
Punti Chiave : E' stato validato un questionario sulla qualità della vita in soggetti che utilizzano lenti a contatto per ortocheratologia o altri tipi di lenti a contatto Il questionario ha dimostrato essere ottimo test psicometrico per indagare la qualità...
Abstract Purpose Contact lens (CL) wear is a risk factor for the acquisition of microbial keratitis. Accordingly, compliance to manufacturers’ recommended hygiene and disinfection procedures are vital to safe (CL) use. In this study we evaluated a novel povidone-iodine (PI)...
Punti Chiave : Risultati di 12 anni di ortocheratologia per il controllo della progressione della miopia BACKGROUND: Diversi studi riportano l’efficacia dell’ortocheratologia per quanto riguarda il controllo della miopia. Lo scopo di questo studio è quello di esaminare l’influenza dell’ortocheratologia...
Abstract This study investigated the influence of five days of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on the acquisition and consolidation of visual perceptual learning using a motion direction discrimination (MDD) task. The timing of exercise relative to learning was manipulated by...
Tradotto e Adattato da http://journals.lww.com/corneajrnl/Pages/ArticleViewer.aspx?year=9000&issue=00000&article=97023&type=Abstract Punti chiave: La presenza di cheratocono ha conseguenze sullo sviluppo della personalità. I pazienti con cheratocono sviluppano spesso meccanismi di difesa disfunzionali, che alterano la loro interazione con i professionisti della salute e possono giustificare la persistente impressione clinica di …
Abstract Purpose To investigate changes in tear and ocular surface of patients with keratoconus using rigid gas permeable contact lenses (RGPCL) and compare them against keratoconus patients who were not using lenses as well as a control group of healthy...
Abstract Purpose To report a series of cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) in scleral lens wearers with keratoconus to determine whether this type of contact lens presents a greater risk for development of infection. Methods: This study reports three patients...
Highlights Effect of lens wearing modality on changes in ocular surface physiology and comfort was studied. Conjunctival redness, conjunctival and corneal staining increased after two months of lens wear. Changes in ocular surface physiology were similar with daily and monthly...
Highlights Multifocal contact lens designs may have got some limitations on wearers’ visual function quality, inducing ghosting, halos, visual fluctuation. A neural adaptation is necessary for an optimal visual performance with multifocal contact lens. Using a yellow filter could increase...
Punti Chiave : Dato che la miopia è il difetto refrattivo più diffuso e può causare alcune patologie che rischiano di compromettere la vista, è diventato imperativo trovare un metodo efficace per rallentarne la progressione. L’ortocheratologia, oggi, è una delle...
Tradotto e adattato da Role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography in angle closure disease: a review Punti Chiave: la tomografia a coerenza ottica del segmento anteriore (AS- OCT) permette una valutazione affidabile dell’angolo irido-corneale nelle patologie da angolo stretto è un metodo oggettivo …
How post-saccadic target blanking affects the detection of stimulus displacements across saccades Abstract When a visual stimulus is displaced during a saccade the displacement is often not noticed unless it is large compared to the amplitude of the eye movement. Displacement detection is...
Objective: To investigate whether initial assessment of contact lenses prescribed for myopia control (MC) predicts short-term visual performance. Method: Retrospective analysis of 43 participants in a double-masked, randomized, cross-over trial wearing at least one lens: single-vision (SV) lens (1-DAY ACUVUE...
Abstract We all pass out our lives in private perceptual worlds. The differences in our sensory and perceptual experiences often go unnoticed until there emerges a variation (such as ‘The Dress’) that is large enough to generate different descriptions in...
Highlights • Disparity threshold data for sinusoidal corrugations contained two factors. • Factors loaded onto low (<0.4 cpd) and high (0.8 cpd) spatial frequencies. • Each factor had nearly identical tuning for horizontal and vertical patterns. • The factors were correlated, implying separate...
Abstract Israeli Air Force (IAF) pilots continue flying combat missions after the symptoms of natural near-vision deterioration, termed presbyopia, begin to be noticeable. Because modern pilots rely on the displays of the aircraft control and performance instruments, near visual acuity...
Abstract Purpose To compare visual acuity (VA) improvement in teenagers with amblyopia treated with a binocular iPad game versus part-time patching. Methods One hundred participants aged 13 to <17 years (mean 14.3 years) with amblyopia (20/40 to 20/200, mean ∼20/63)...
Abstract Background There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend vision screening for children < 36 months of age. This study assessed the effect of comprehensive vision screening, as well as the sensitivity of age-appropriate vision tests, at two years of age...
Purpose A realistic description of visual symptoms associated with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is important for raising awareness of the condition and educating patients. This study aimed to develop a set of descriptors for dry AMD and examine the...
Abstract We study optical technologies for viewer-tracked autostereoscopic 3D display (VTA3D), which provides improved 3D image quality and extended viewing range. In particular, we utilize a technique—the so-called dynamic fusion of viewing zone (DFVZ)—for each 3D optical line to realize...
Abstract Background To report the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in seven-year-old children in Iran and its relationship with socio-economic conditions. Methods In a cross-sectional population-based study, first-grade students in the primary schools of eight cities in the country...
Background: Reading from tablets is fundamental to modern culture. This study measured differences in the blink rate and symptoms of ocular discomfort in healthy participants during reading from a tablet and a paper book. Methods: Forty healthy, normal males subjects were recruited...
Highlights •A clinical comparison of lid wiper staining between different types of lissamine green impregnated strips was performed. •Within subject measurements of lid wiper staining do not significantly differ from day to day. •Lid evertion increased lid wiper staining but...
